Information Technology
Information technology refers to the general term for methods and equipment used to obtain, process, store, retrieve, and transmit text, numbers , images , and sound information.
Introduction
Including computers, communications, high-density storage, audio-visual , copying , printing and other broad technical fields and their applications in intelligence work. Computer technology is the core of intelligence technology. The development of communication technology, especially data communication technology, provides conditions for the integration of intelligence work with mass media. High-density storage technology, especially disk storage , microfilm, CD-ROM technology to provide the conditions for the bulk of intelligence information storage, retrieval. Printing and photocopying technologies provide conditions for the rapid and cheap transmission of information materials. Audio- visual technology provides conditions for the storage and transmission of audio-visual information. Intelligence technology is the basis and prerequisite for realizing the modernization of intelligence work. In society, intelligence technology is also called information technology, which generally refers to the combination of computer and communication for information processing.
Microcomputers are the rising star of the computer family and have experienced 4 generations of development in about 15 years. Since 1982, 16-bit microcomputers have become the mainstream, and 32-bit microcomputers have also been on the market in large numbers. Advanced 32-bit microcomputers have a running speed of 8 MIPS, which is higher than the running speed of large computers 10 years ago, and the price is in the order of thousands of dollars. The development of microcomputers also includes the increase of memory, the emergence of warm disk technology, the emergence of various intelligent interfaces, the realization of Chinese character functions, and the development of various application software. These powerful functions are the decentralization of information processing and storage. The intelligence of each level of the intelligence system provides important technical conditions.
The new development of data transmission technology is mainly the popularization of data communication network and the development of satellite communication and optical fiber transmission. Only a few developed countries in the late 1970s to establish a packet-switched data communications network , it is now popular all over the world. According to statistics, 35 countries and regions in the world have established hundreds of public and private packet-switched data communication networks. In addition, there may be countless local area networks. The combination of computer information processing and communication is the technical pillar of the information system. The development of data communication technology provides technical conditions for the transmission of large amounts of information such as full text transmission and image transmission, and data communication between microcomputer groups. Optical fiber transmission and satellite communications have become the two pillars of information transmission, providing conditions for the realization of high-quality, high-reliability, and low-cost information transmission.
The advancement of information technology will again have an important impact on the information service industry. Due to the high-speed data communication and the popularization of intelligent systems, the online time required for users to conduct information retrieval will be shortened, and the pricing and charging structure of the information retrieval system will inevitably be adjusted. Users can copy the database from the intelligence system and reuse it countless times. This conflicts with the current copyright law and the policies of the database manufacturer. The country needs to re-enact relevant laws and policies. Due to the availability of online full-text databases and the popularization of personal information retrieval systems, the utilization of libraries and the subscription of some journals and magazines with low utilization rates will be affected. The intelligence of the information system will gradually change the role of information retrieval experts, and the “middleman” functions of libraries and intelligence departments will change accordingly.
